• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present patent application relates to a fuse, a vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle. The fuse has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction and comprises: a sleeve, having a cavity in the form of a through-hole extending in the longitudinal direction and for receiving quartz sand; a fuse body, housed in the cavity as a through-hole and having a plurality of openings spaced apart from each other in the transverse direction; and two contact blades, positioned at the level of the two ends of the cavity in the form of a through-hole and each welded to the fuse body by a conductive plate. A layer of arc extinguishing substance is provided on the fuse body. A side edge of the arc extinguishing substance layer contacts the edges of any two adjacent openings among the plurality of openings so that the arc extinguishing substance layer is located in proximity to. a minimum transverse space between the edges of the two openings. Figure for the abstract: figure 1
    公开号:FR3089051A1
    申请号:FR1912983
    申请日:2019-11-20
    公开日:2020-05-29
    发明作者:Li XIAOBO
    申请人:Cooper Xian Fusegear Co Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title of the invention: Fuse, vehicle circuit for electric vehicle and electric vehicle
    Technical Field [0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and, in particular, a fuse, a vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle.
    Background [0003] In order to provide protection against short circuits or overloads, it is currently necessary to connect a fuse to a vehicle circuit of an electric vehicle. Conventional industrial fuses (for example a device protection fuse or a semiconductor device) are currently used by automobile manufacturers to protect electric vehicles. These conventional fuses are usually suitable for installation in an operating environment which is spacious, which allows heat dissipation, without changes, and which presents a stable current and voltage charge with little or no impact. Conventional fuses therefore do not meet the installation requirements in electric vehicles because the operating environment implies a limited internal installation space, the fuse is subjected to repeated shocks and vibrations at high temperature and high humidity. and fluctuations in the current charge.
    The industry has conducted studies on fuses for electric vehicles. Among the aspects studied, improving the arc extinguishing capacity of fuses is an urgent problem to be resolved.
    Summary [0006] The present utility model aims to provide a fuse having an improved arc extinguishing capacity.
    The present utility model further aims to provide a vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle using the above fuse.
    The present utility model further aims to provide an electric vehicle implementing the above vehicle circuit.
    According to one aspect of this utility model, a fuse is provided, the fuse having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction and the fuse comprising: a sleeve, comprising a cavity in the form of a through hole extending in the direction longitudinal and intended to receive quartz sand; a fuse body, housed in the cavity as a through hole and having a plurality of openings spaced from each other in the transverse direction; and two contact blades, positioned at the two ends of the cavity in the form of a through hole and each welded to the fuse body by a conductive plate, in which a layer of arc quenching substance is provided on the body a fuse and a side edge of the arc extinguishing substance layer is in contact with the edges of any two adjacent openings among the plurality of openings so that the arc extinguishing substance layer is located nearby a minimum transverse space between the edges of the two openings.
    Preferably, a transverse length of the layer of arc extinguishing substance is equal to a transverse length of the fuse body.
    Preferably, the plurality of openings have, in the longitudinal direction, a side relatively close to a longitudinal center of the fuse and the other side relatively distant from the longitudinal center of the fuse and the layer of extinguishing substance d the arc is placed on the other side of the plurality of openings.
    Preferably, the layer of arc quenching substance is formed by coating the fuse body with an arc quenching substance and the arc quenching substance comprises at least one organic adhesive.
    Preferably, the plurality of openings comprise a circular hole and / or an arc-shaped slot and an edge of the layer of arc-extinguishing substance is tangent to, or in intersection with, an edge circular hole and / or arc shaped slot.
    Preferably, the fuse comprises two conductive plates; the two conductive plates correspond respectively to the two opposite ends of the fuse body in the longitudinal direction, are placed in the cavity in the form of a through hole of the sleeve and are connected to the fuse body; each of the two contact blades passes through a corresponding conductive plate and is connected to the fuse body; and an internal cavity defined by the sleeve and the two conductive plates is filled with quartz sand.
    Preferably, two opposite longitudinal ends of the sleeve are further provided with two cover plates; the two cover plates are fixed to the sleeve on the sides of the two conductive plates and oriented in a direction away from the cavity in the form of a through hole; and each of the two contact blades passes through a corresponding cover plate and a corresponding conductive plate and is connected to the fuse body.
    According to another aspect of this utility model, a vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle is provided and includes a fuse connected to the vehicle circuit, the fuse being the fuse above.
    According to yet another aspect of this utility model, an electric vehicle is provided and includes a vehicle circuit, the vehicle circuit being the vehicle circuit for the above electric vehicle.
    Part of the other features and advantages of this utility model will be obvious to those skilled in the art after reading this application and the rest will be described in the detailed description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which [0020] [fig. 1] is a schematic view of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present utility model; and [fig.2] is a schematic view of a fuse body according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
    Description of the reference numbers:
    1. Contact blade
    2. Conductive plate
    3. Cover plate
    4. Seal
    5. Quartz sand (containing a certain proportion of hardening agent)
    6. Fuse body
    7. Sleeve
    8. Conductive plate
    9. Contact blade
    10. Cover plate
    11. Seal
    12. Arc extinguisher layer
    100. Fuse
    X. Longitudinal direction
    Y. Cross direction
    h. Minimum transverse space
    Detailed description A schematic representation of the device according to the present utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the accompanying drawings are provided for the purpose of showing some applications of this utility model, the accompanying drawings need not be traced in accordance with the size of the specific applications. Certain characteristics can be enlarged, removed or partially represented in cross section to better illustrate and explain the presentation of this utility model. The position of some of the components shown in the accompanying drawings can be adjusted according to actual requirements without affecting the technical effect. In the description, the expression "in the accompanying drawings" or similar expressions does not necessarily refer to all of the accompanying drawings or examples.
    Certain directional terms used in the following to describe the accompanying drawings, such as "in", "outside", "upper" and "lower" and other directional terms, are to be interpreted according to their normal meanings and designate these directions when looking at the accompanying drawings in a normal manner. Unless otherwise indicated, the directional terms in the description essentially correspond to the conventional directions understood by a person skilled in the art.
    The terms "first", "one / the first", "second" and "one / the second" and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate an order, nor a number, nor matter in this utility model and are used only to distinguish one component from other components.
    Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a fuse of the present utility model. The fuse of this example is applicable, for example, to a circuit having a nominal voltage of 1000 V and a nominal current not exceeding 550 A (for example a vehicle circuit of a particular electric vehicle) and is used for protection against short circuits of a battery pack, a maintenance switch and other charge and discharge circuits and overload protection for certain cases in which an overcurrent is not permitted.
    As illustrated in Figure 1, the fuse is designated by the reference numeral 100; a direction X indicates a longitudinal direction (or a direction in the direction of length) of the fuse and a direction Y indicates a transverse direction (or direction in the direction of width) of the fuse. In the illustrated embodiment, the fuse 100 includes a sleeve 7 comprising a cavity in the form of a through hole extending in the longitudinal direction X, a fusible body 6 housed in the cavity in the form of a through hole, two contact blades 1 and 9 connected to the two opposite ends of the fuse body 6 in the longitudinal direction X, two conductive plates 2 and 8 covering the two opposite ends of the cavity in the form of a through hole, quartz sand 5 with which an internal cavity defined by the two conductive plates 2 and 8 and the sleeve 7 is filled and two cover plates 3 and 10 fixed to end portions of the sleeve 7 on the outer sides of the two conductive plates 2 and 8.
    The two cover plates 3 and 10 can be fixed to the sleeve 7 by screws (for example, self-tapping screws). To improve a sealing effect, a seal 4 can be provided between an end surface of the sleeve 7 and the corresponding cover plate 3 and a seal 11 can be provided between the end surface of the sleeve 7 and the corresponding cover plate 10. The sleeve 7 can be chosen from a porcelain tube, an epoxy glass tube and a composite tube. The porcelain tube is particularly suitable for a fuse connected to a circuit with a nominal voltage of 1000 V and a nominal current of no more than 550 A. Both the cover plates 3 and 10 and the screws can be made of stainless steel and can meet the requirements for resistance to erosion caused by saline vapor and high temperature humidity.
    In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the fuse body 6 is an elongated sheet having a variable cross section. The fuse body 6 can be made from a material selected from copper, a composite of copper and silver and pure silver. It is desirable to choose pure silver to prepare the fuse body 6 because of its low electrical resistance, its low melting point and its oxidation resistance properties. Six groups of openings spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction X are formed on the fuse body 6. Each group of openings has ten openings 61 spaced from one another in the transverse direction Y. "Spaced from each other in the transverse direction Y "here includes the case in which a line connecting the centers of all the openings in each group of openings is parallel to the transverse direction Y and the case in which the line connecting the centers of all the openings is slightly inclined at an angle (for example, ± 10 °) relative to the transverse direction Y. As illustrated in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 2, among the ten openings 61 of each group of transverse openings, two most openings 61 outer are arc shaped slots and the other eight openings 61 are circular holes. Of course, the number of groups of openings and the number of openings included in each group of openings can be increased or reduced according to the requirements of the situation (for example a predefined voltage and a predefined current). The edge of each opening 61 is in the form of an arc. A minimum transverse space h exists between the edges of two openings 61 adjacent to each other in the transverse direction. The minimum transverse space h can also be called “narrow passage” and its size is less than 1 millimeter, for example 0.16 millimeter or 0.2 millimeter. The fuse body 6 is coated with an organic adhesive, so as to form a layer of arc quenching substance 12 and the layer of arc quenching substance 12 must be located as close as possible to the narrow passage. . In the illustrated embodiment, the opening 61 is a circular hole or arc-shaped slot and a side edge of the arc quenching layer 12 near the opening 61 is tangent to the edge of the opening 61, so that the layer of arc quenching substance 12 is located as close as possible to the narrow passage. In addition, the side edge of the arc quenching layer 12 can also cut the edge of the opening 61, so that the arc quenching layer 12 is located as close as possible to the narrow way. It does not matter whether the arc quenching layer 12 is tangent to or intersects the edge of the opening 61, in either case it is an indication that the side edge of the quenching layer arc 12 is in contact with the edge of the opening 61.
    The circular hole or the arcuate slot is only one example of the opening 61. The opening 61 can also be in another form, for example an ellipse, a triangle, a rhombus , a star or some other particular shape and the shape of each opening in each group of openings can be different.
    Positioning the arc extinguishing substance layer as close as possible to the narrow passage can improve the breaking capacity of the fuse and the principle is as follows: when the fuse breaks a short-circuit fault current , the first position where fusion and an arc occur is the narrow passage. If the arc cannot be extinguished quickly, then the arc will blow from the fuse or a fuse housing will blow. The organic adhesive present in the layer of arc quenching substance can decompose due to the high temperature of the arc, so as to generate gas and the gas can force the charged particles to enter the sand. quartz so that they undergo cooling and deionization. The gas generated by decomposition increases the pressure of the internal cavity of the housing, which makes it possible to further deionize the charged particles. The deionization process for charged particles is the arc quenching process.
    The organic adhesive must be applied at a position as close as possible to the narrow passage. If the organic adhesive is moved away from the narrow passage, then the burning of the arc will last for a longer period of time and there may be an arc from the fuse or the latter will blow before the organic adhesive breaks down and acts. However, it should be noted that the organic adhesive cannot be applied at the narrow passage and that the coating with the organic adhesive must avoid the narrow passage; if the organic adhesive is applied at the narrow passage, then a high temperature, caused when the fuse is operating normally or under slight overload, can cause the organic adhesive to be consumed in advance, which deteriorates the effect of arc extinction; in addition, the organic adhesive would prevent the narrow passage from coming into contact with the quartz sand and impede normal circulation in the narrow passage and the thermal conduction of the quartz sand, which would cause an increase in the temperature of the fuse.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the organic adhesive is applied as an arc extinguishing substance in a position as close as possible to the narrow passage in order to improve the breaking capacity of the fuse. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: an applicable arc-extinguishing substance is not limited to the organic adhesive; all other insulating materials capable of generating gas by decomposition due to the high temperature of the arc can be applied as an arc extinguishing substance to the fuse body so as to form the layer of substance arc extinction; and other arc extinguishing substances can also be used in admixture with organic adhesive. All of the materials (e.g. organic adhesive) and processes (e.g. coating the fuse body with organic adhesive) involved in this utility model are conventional and this utility model n 'does not imply improvements in materials and processes.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the layer of arc extinguishing substance is placed on one side of each group of openings relatively distant, in the longitudinal direction X, from a longitudinal center of the fuse 100, so that the gas generated by the decomposition of the organic adhesive can "push" the arc to a longitudinal middle part of the fuse 100, so as to prevent the arc from being "pushed" towards the cover plates 3 and 10 and the contact blades 1 and 9 and to avoid the case in which the quartz sand undergoes a breakdown caused by the arc because the quantity of quartz sand at the two longitudinal ends of the fuse 100 is less than the quantity quartz sand in the longitudinal middle part. However, this does not mean that the layer of arc quenching substance can only be placed on the side of the group of openings shown in the drawings. In other cases, the layer of arc-extinguishing substance can also be placed on the other side of the group of openings or layers of arc-extinguishing substance are placed on the two opposite longitudinal sides of the group of openings. However, it should be noted that the amount of organic adhesive is preferably not too large. If the quantity is too large, then the decomposition of the organic adhesive generates too much gas, so that the pressure of the internal cavity of the fuse is so high that it causes the fuse to crack.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the layer of arc extinguishing substance 12 is in the form of a strip and the length of the latter in the transverse direction Y is approximately equal to the length of the fuse body 6 in the transverse direction Y. However, those skilled in the art can also conceive that: the length of the arc quenching layer 12 in the transverse direction
    Y can be less than the length of the fuse body 6 in the transverse direction
    As long as the layer of arc-extinguishing substance is placed near a narrow passage between each pair of adjacent openings in each group of openings.
    The two conductive plates 2 and 8 are respectively arranged at the two opposite ends of the fuse body 6 in the longitudinal direction X and are connected (for example by soldering) to the fuse body 6 to form a whole. The conductive plates 2 and 8 can also be fixedly connected to the cover plates 3 and 10 of the corresponding ends by screws.
    During an assembly process, each of the above screws can be coated with an adhesive (for example a threadlocker adhesive) to meet the requirements relating to vibration and impact resistance.
    The two contact blades 1 and 9 are respectively fixedly installed on the two cover plates 3 and 8 by means of screws. The contact blade 1 passes through a through hole in the form of a cavity in the cover plate 3, is riveted to the conductive plate 2 and is connected to a longitudinal end of the fuse body 6 and the contact blade 9 passes through a through hole in the form of a cavity in the cover plate 10, is riveted to the conductive plate 8 and is connected to the other longitudinal end of the fuse body 6. The two contact blades 1 and 9 can be connected to the body fuse 6, for example, by brazing (for example, point-to-point brazing). Although Figure 1 shows the contact blade 1 as a hook shaped contact blade and the contact blade 9 as a fork shaped contact blade, those skilled in the art can understand that the specific shape of the blade Contact can be adjusted according to the requirements of the situation (for example, installation requirements). For example, the two contact blades 1 and 9 can be hook-shaped contact blades or the two contact blades 1 and 9 can be fork-shaped contact blades.
    Taking the fuse 100 of FIG. 1 as an example, a method of assembling it comprises:
    1. rivet the contact blade 1 to the conductive plate 2;
    2. rivet the contact blade 9 to the conductive plate 8;
    3. use an accessory to weld one end of the fuse body 6 coated with the layer of arc quenching substance 12 to an assembled riveted component formed by the contact blade 1 and the conductive plate 2;
    4. use an accessory to weld the other end of the fuse body 6 coated with the layer of arc quenching substance 12 to an assembled riveted component formed by the contact blade 9 and the conductive plate 8;
    5. place the sleeve 7 on a one-piece welded component formed by steps 1 to 4 above, the diameters of the conducting plates 2 and 8 being less than an internal diameter of the cavity in the form of a hole passing through the sleeve 7;
    6. use an accessory to fit on the one hand the seal 4 and the cover plate 3 and on the other hand the seal 11 and the cover plate 10 respectively on the two sides of the sleeve 7, use screws to fix the cover plates 3 and 10 to the two ends of the sleeve 7 and use screws to fix the two conductive plates 2 and 8 to the cover plates 3 and 10, so that the fuse forms a whole;
    7. use a full plug to seal the reserved filling holes on the cover plate 3 and the conductive plate 2 and fill the internal cavity with quartz sand 5 with the reserved filling holes on the cover plate 10 and the conductive plate 8 and it should be noted at this stage that the internal cavity cannot be filled with quartz sand 5 before the layer of arc quenching substance 12 has solidified;
    8. use another plug comprising a vent to close the reserved filling orifices on the cover plate 10 and the conductive plate 8; and
    9. place the entire fuse in a solidification furnace to solidify the quartz sand in the entire fuse by means of high temperature, high humidity and negative pressure.
    The above fuse uses a fully sealed structure and a fuse body having an organic arc quenching material and can fully meet the following requirements of an electric vehicle: the internal space is limited; an environment of use is harsh; a rise in temperature is low; and a large fault current must be broken. The fuse can effectively protect a vehicle circuit and other components.
    It should be noted that although the description is presented according to each embodiment, each embodiment does not necessarily include a single independent technical solution. The description is presented in this manner only for clarity and those skilled in the art should consider the description as a whole and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be combined appropriately to form other applications conceivable by a person skilled in the art.
    What is described above are only examples of specific applications of this utility model, but is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any variation, modification or equivalent combination made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design and principle of this utility model is part of the protection of this utility model.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    Claims [Claim 1] Fuse, having a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, the fuse comprising:a sleeve, comprising a cavity in the form of a through hole extending in the longitudinal direction and intended to receive quartz sand;a fuse body, housed in the cavity as a through hole and having a plurality of openings spaced from each other in the transverse direction; and two contact blades, positioned at the two ends of the cavity in the form of a through hole and each welded to the fuse body by a conductive plate, in whicha layer of arc quenching substance is provided on the fuse body and a side edge of the layer of arc quenching substance contacts the edges of any two adjacent openings of the plurality of so that the arc extinguishing substance layer is located near a minimum transverse space between the edges of the two openings. [Claim 2] A fuse according to claim 1, wherein a transverse length of the arc quenching layer is equal to a transverse length of the fuse body. [Claim 3] A fuse according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of openings have, in the longitudinal direction, one side relatively close to a longitudinal center of the fuse and the other side relatively distant from the longitudinal center of the fuse and the substance layer. arc extinction is placed on the other side of the plurality of openings. [Claim 4] A fuse according to claim 1, wherein the layer of arc quenching substance is formed by coating the fuse body with an arc quenching substance and the arc quenching substance comprises at least one organic adhesive. . [Claim 5] A fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of openings include a circular hole and / or an arcuate slot and an edge of the layer of arc quenching substance is tangent to , or in intersection with, an edge of the circular hole and / or the arc-shaped slot. [Claim 6] A fuse according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fuse comprises two conductive plates; the two plates
    [Claim 7] [Claim 8] [Claim 9] conductive correspond respectively to the two opposite ends of the fuse body in the longitudinal direction, are placed in the cavity in the form of a hole through the sleeve and are connected to the fuse body; each of the two contact blades passes through a corresponding conductive plate and is connected to the fuse body; and an internal cavity defined by the sleeve and the two conductive plates is filled with quartz sand.
    A fuse according to claim 6, wherein two opposite longitudinal ends of the sleeve are further provided with two cover plates; the two cover plates are fixed to the sleeve on the sides of the two conductive plates and oriented in a direction away from the cavity in the form of a through hole; and each of the two contact blades passes through a corresponding cover plate and a corresponding conductive plate and is connected to the fuse body.
    Vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle, comprising a fuse connected to the vehicle circuit, the fuse being the fuse according to any one of Claims 1 to 7.
    Electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle circuit, the vehicle circuit being the vehicle circuit for an electric vehicle according to claim 8.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    FR3047616A3|2017-08-11|
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    FR2928026A1|2009-08-28|OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICE COMPRISING SELECTIVE DISCONNECT MEANS
    FR2820879A1|2002-08-16|MOUNTING OF FUSE ELEMENT FOR FULL RANGE OF CURRENTS AND FUSES
    EP0625284A1|1994-11-23|Flat fuse for high rated currents
    FR2910698A1|2008-06-27|PROTECTIVE FUSE FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
    EP1709716A1|2006-10-11|Overvoltage protection device with improved follow current interrupting capacity
    FR3089050A1|2020-05-29|Fuse, vehicle circuit for electric vehicle and electric vehicle
    EP0027061A1|1981-04-15|Lightning arrester device allowing an external short-circuiting and corresponding protection assembly
    EP0782753B1|1999-01-20|Lightning arrester device
    EP2006874B1|2013-07-24|Fuse cut-off device for voltage surge protection and device for protecting against voltage surges comprising such a cut-off device
    FR2982705A1|2013-05-17|DEVICE FOR PROTECTING AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT POWERED BY AN INTEGRABLE ALTERNATING CURRENT IN A CONTACTOR.
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    FR2946794A1|2010-12-17|FUSE LINK
    FR3113765A1|2022-03-04|Apparatus for interrupting an electric current
    FR3103309A1|2021-05-21|SWITCHING DEVICES INCORPORATING A RUPTURE DISC
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN209461405U|2019-10-01|
    US20200168424A1|2020-05-28|
    US11094492B2|2021-08-17|
    DE102019132169A1|2020-05-28|
    引用文献:
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    US11075048B2|2014-05-28|2021-07-27|Eaton Intelligent Power Limited|Compact high voltage power fuse and methods of manufacture|
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    JP2017117565A|2015-12-22|2017-06-29|太平洋精工株式会社|Manufacturing method for fuse, and fuse|
    US10978267B2|2016-06-20|2021-04-13|Eaton Intelligent Power Limited|High voltage power fuse including fatigue resistant fuse element and methods of making the same|CN209496802U|2018-11-28|2019-10-15|库柏西安熔断器有限公司|Fuse, vehicle circuitry for electric vehicle and electric car|
    法律状态:
    2020-10-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2021-10-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-12-03| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20211203 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201821980981.0U|CN209461405U|2018-11-28|2018-11-28|Fuse, vehicle circuitry for electric vehicle and electric car|
    CN201821980981.0|2018-11-28|
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